GNIT Africa yigisha abanyeshuri ku bijanye n'Ikoranabuhanga ry'Ibintu

Mu gihe gishize mu isi y'ikoranabuhanga, interineti yari ikigega gikuru cyo guhuza mudasobwa no gufasha guhana amakuru hagati y'abantu. Uyu munsi, turabona intambwe ikomeye y'iterambere izwi nka Internet ya Things (IoT), ihuriro ryinjiza ubwenge mu bintu bifatika. IoT si ukugira gusa guhuza ibikoresho ku murongo udafite insinga; ihagarariye urusobe rw’ikoranabuhanga rujyanye rujyana n’ubukorikori aho ibikoresho bishobora gupima, guhana, no gusesengura amakuru binyuze mu bisohoka no mu nzira z’itumanaho kugira ngo bigere ku bwiza buhambaye kubakoresha. Kuva ku buryo bwa smartwatches ku maboko yacu n’imodoka zidakoresha umushoferi ku mroads zacu kugera ku nganda zishinzwe gukora neza, IoT ubu niyo itera impinduka ikomeye mu miterere y'ubuzima bwa none.

Ishusho y’iyi ikoranabuhanga ishingiye ku nkingi eshatu z’ingenzi: Kumenya, Guhuza, no Ubwenge. Amashanyarazi y’ukuri yinjizwa mu bintu acunga ibipimo by’ibidukikije nk’ubushyuhe, uduhumekero, aho biva, n’umuyaga mu gihe nyacyo. Aya makuru y’uruhererekane arakorwa abinyujijwe ku muyoboro mwihuta—nk'uko hakoreshwa 5G, Wi-Fi, cyangwa LPWAN—ku murongo wa cloud. Hanyuma, Ubumenyi bwa Artificiel (AI) butegura iyi mbaraga nini y’amakuru kugira ngo hakoreshwe imyanzuro ifite ireme no gutangiza ibikorwa. Urugero, thermostat y’ubwenge irashobora gutangiza ubushyuhe idakingiye umuntu igihe ibonye ko ubushyuhe bw’aho buba buhagaze, cyangwa sisitemu y’ubuhinzi ishobora gutangiza ubuhinzi gusa igihe urwego rw’itumburukwe ruri ku rwego runaka. Ubu buryo buhagarariye “kunonosora kububasha bwite,” bugabanya amakosa y’abantu mu gihe buhaza ubukorikori bwose.

Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe impamvu kumenya IoT ari ngombwa bisaba kureba ku guhinduka kugaragara mu nganda zose z'isi. Ubu turi mu bihe byihuse by'ihinduka mu Ikoranabuhanga aho IoT ikora nk'ibanze ku mpande zose. Mu kugadzira, mu bucuruzi, mu micungire y’ingufu, no mu buvuzi, ubushobozi bwo kumva no gukora ku bikoresho bya IoT bwahindutse ubumenyi bwihariye bukaba ikintu cy’ingenzi mu gukomeza kubaho. Gusobanukirwa ibijyanye n’ihuriro ry’ibikoresho n’umuvuduko w’amakuru bikorwa n'ibikorwa, bitanga igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo guhanga udushya mu miterere y'ubucuruzi bushya cyangwa gukemura ibibazo bikomeye mu nzego zisanzwe.

Byongeye kandi, kwiga kuri IoT byagura ubuhanga bwo gukemura ibibazo. Uretse ubumenyi bwa tekiniki bwumvikana, bushingira ku “gitekerezo cy’amasoko”—ubushobozi bwo kureba no gucunga urusobe rwose rw’ahantu ibikoresho byinshi bihurira mu buryo butazibagirana. Ibi birimo ubushobozi bwo gushaka imiterere y'umutekano ku bijyanye na cyber no gusesengura uburyo bwo guhindura “ibinyoma” bikomeye mu bwenge bwakoreshwa. Ibi nibyo bigaragaza impano y’ubumenyi buhanitse ikenewe n’imibereho ya none. Ikindi kandi, IoT itanga ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga ku bibazo bikomeye byo ku isi, nko kunoza imikoreshereze y’ingufu kugira ngo dushikire ku bihinduka mu gihe cy’ihindagurika ry’ibihe cyangwa gutanga serivisi zo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga ku baturage bashaje.

Mu mpera, kwiga kuri IoT si ukumenya uko wakoresha ibikoresho bishya; ahubwo ni ukumenya logique y’isi ihujwe n’amakuru no kubona ubushobozi bwo kuyobora izo mpinduka. Nk'ikoranabuhanga ritangiye kuva ku bikoresho bisanzwe rikajya mu muryango uzi ubwenge, kumenya IoT ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane mu gushaka gutekereza ku bizaza by'ihiganwa. Mu gihe ibikoresho bimaze gutangira kujya mu byiciro, ni aba gusa bazi ururimi rw’iyi nkingi bazashobora guhindura amahirwe atagereranywa y'ikoranabuhanga mu bushobozi buzwi.